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Microbiology

Image: This micrograph depicts an atypical, enlarged lymphocyte found in the blood smear from a hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) patient. This large atypical lymphocyte is an example of one of the laboratory findings, which when combined with a bandemia, i.e., immature white blood cells, and dropping platelet count, is characteristic of HPS (Photo courtesy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Molecular Assays Developed for Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

 Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a serious and often fatal disease caused by viruses known as hantaviruses. These anthropozoonotic diseases comprising of two clinical entities: Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), which occurs in the Old World, and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the New World. More...
16 Jan 2020
Image: The Karius Test, which uses microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA-seq), can predict bloodstream infections in leukemia patients up to three days before the onset of symptoms (Photo courtesy of Karius)

Blood-Based Sequencing Identifies Pediatric Cancer Infections Before Symptoms

 Infections are common, yet life-threatening complications that affect immuno-compromised cancer patients and bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common, life-threatening complication of treatment for cancer. More...
09 Jan 2020
Image: Examples of negative and positive Chagas Stat-Pak RDT results. From left to right, negative, weakly positive, and strongly positive Stat-Pak results are shown (Photo courtesy of Yves Jackson)

Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Chagas Disease Field Evaluated

 Chagas disease, caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is the neglected tropical disease exerting a highest burden in the Western hemisphere. It is estimated that there are around seven million people affected worldwide, the majority of them living in Latin America where the insect vectors that transmit the infection are endemic. More...
08 Jan 2020
Image: Schematic of an array of nanotubes decorated with gold nanoparticles that capture virus molecules for in situ Raman spectroscopy for label-free optical virus identification (Photo courtesy of Professor Mauricio Terrones)

Fast and Inexpensive Device Captures and Identifies Viruses

 Currently, virologists estimate that 1.67 million unknown viruses are in animals, a number of which can be transmitted to humans. Known viruses, such as H5N1, Zika and Ebola have caused widespread illness and death. Early detection could halt virus spread by enabling rapid deployment of countermeasures. More...
07 Jan 2020
Image: Design of the CareStart G6PD deficiency screening test and interpretation of the results:  Panel A, no color change for sample with deficient G6PD enzymatic activity; Panel B, distinct purple color for sample with normal G6PD enzymatic activity (Photo courtesy of Charles Darwin University).

Rapid Diagnostic Test for The Detection of G6PD Deficiency Evaluated

 To reduce the risk of drug-induced hemolysis, all patients should be tested for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (G6PDd) prior to prescribing primaquine (PQ)-based radical cure for the treatment of vivax malaria. More...
07 Jan 2020
Image: The Diagnostic Performance of C6 Enzyme Immunoassay for Lyme Arthritis has been evaluated (Photo courtesy of Lonnie R. Marcum, PT, BSHCA)

Immunoassay May Help Identify Pediatric Lyme Arthritis

 In the USA, Lyme arthritis is the most common feature of late stage infection with the tick-borne spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, usually beginning months after the initial tick bite. Patients with Lyme arthritis have intermittent or persistent attacks of joint swelling and pain in one or a few large joints, especially the knee, usually over a period of several years, without prominent systemic manifestations. More...
07 Jan 2020
Image: Flongle is an adapter (flow cell dongle) for the MinION or GridION that enables direct, real-time DNA or RNA sequencing on smaller, single-use flow cells (Photo courtesy of Oxford Nanopore Technologies).

Nanopore Sequencing Rapidly Diagnoses Gut Condition in Preterm Infants

 The culture-independent, sensitive, data-rich nature of metagenomic sequencing, combined with powerful bioinformatics tools, have allowed scientists to differentiate patient groups from healthy individuals based on their microbial profiles. More...
03 Jan 2020
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The LabMedica Microbiology channel provides the latest news in the fields of epidemiology, bacteriology, virology, and parasitology, all viewed from the unique perspective of Laboratory Medicine.
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