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开发的分子血检法检测肾癌

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 17 Oct 2017
肾癌通常容易发现,因为肾癌患者的症状明显,但在肿瘤长到很大产生疼痛或其他值得注意的问题前,肾癌也可能没有症状。
涉及肾细胞癌(RCC)发生和发展的机制仍不明确,且常规实践需要新的生物标志物,以改善其诊断和/或预后的准确性。正在开发肾癌的血检法能改善这种疾病的筛查,并有助于确保在患者无症状而仍能治疗时被诊断出来。
金陵医院(中国,南京)的一个科学家团队检测33名患者和33名健康志愿者血样中754种不同microRNA(miRNA)的浓度,这些患者有最常见类型的肾癌(肾细胞癌)。对754种miRNA的初始微阵列调查使用TaqMan低密度阵列,随后使用基于水解探针的定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)验证血清样本,鉴别RCC中显著失调的miRNA。还检验了17对肿瘤组织中miR-651和miR-708的表达水平。此外,体外检验包括CCK8扩增、Transwell实验和划痕实验,开展这些试验以探索RCC中miR-651和miR-708的潜在功能。荧光素酶报告实验联合蛋白质印迹法,用于验证靶基因。
该团队发现,检验验证了RCC患者与非癌对照者相比,4种miRNA的血清水平显著升高,但4种miRNA的水平显著降低。统计分析揭示,这8种microRNA中,肾癌患者中两种已知的miR-651和miR-708降低,曲线下面积最大(分别为0.888和0.832)。这就意味着,这些microRNA的检测能以相对高的准确度诊断肾细胞癌。他们还研究了miR-651和miR-708的功能,并发现表明他们作为肿瘤抑制物的证据。一种增高miR-651和miR-708水平的治疗因此可能是肾细胞癌的一种新疗法。
该研究的第一作者Chunni Zhang博士说,“尚不明确肾细胞癌发生和发展的机制,没有标准的血清生物标志物方便诊断这种疾病患者。miR-651和miR-708都可能作为肾细胞癌的新生物标志物,并可能作为肿瘤抑制物。我们的研究显示,一种以miR-651和miR-708为目标的基因法可能提供一种治疗肾细胞癌的新策略。”本研究在第69届美国临床化学协会(AACC)年会暨临床实验室博览会上展示,该展会于7月30日至8月3日在美国加州的圣地亚哥召开。

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金陵医院 

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