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肿瘤蛋白浓度可预测癌症转移

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 07 Apr 2011
分子技术发现,肿瘤细胞内特定蛋白质的水平升高是癌症将转移的可靠指标。

通过测量肿瘤中一种蛋白生物标记物的水平并与周围组织中的水平进行比较,有可能预测癌症是否将在两年内扩散到其它器官。

科学家和香港大学(www.hku.hk)合作研究了羧肽酶E (CPE)这种蛋白质的一种变体——CPE-δ N。CPE-δ N大量存在于已经扩散的肿瘤内,而仅有少量存在于周围的组织中。一般来说,CPE参与胰岛素和其它激素的处理。研究人员通过测量核糖核酸(RNA)的水平间接检验了CPE-δ N。RNA利用基因中的信息造出一种特殊的蛋白质,即这项研究所用的CPE-δ N。他们收集了99名肝癌患者的组织样本,比较了患者肿瘤中CPE-δ N RNA的水平和周围组织中的RNA水平。然后跟踪患者的疾病状态长达八年之久。

科学家们发现,当肿瘤中CPE-δ N RNA的水平超出周围组织中的两倍时,癌症极有可能复发或在两年内转移。小于等于这个阈值水平时癌症复发的几率较小。研究人员利用这一阈值准确预测了90%以上病例的转移或复发。另一方面,他们预测肿瘤两年后不会复发的准确率是76%。他们还用14名嗜铬细胞瘤患者和副神经节瘤患者的库存肿瘤组织测量了CPE-δ N RNA的水平,前者是一种罕见的肾上腺肿瘤,后者是原发于肾上腺的一种罕见肿瘤,但有时会转移到身体其它部位。每200微克组织拷贝数的范围从15万到1500万。所有的癌症复发或转移病例CPE-δ N RNA的水平都超过一百万。研究人员没有发现拷贝数在25万以下的肿瘤病例有转移或复发。

科学家还检查了肝癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和头颈癌的细胞,他们发现,公认扩散最剧烈的那些肿瘤CPE-δ N RNA的水平最高。该研究的论文发表于2011年2月1日的《临床研究杂志》(Journal of Clinical Investigation)。资深作者Y. More...
Peng Loh博士解释说,这项研究所用的方法也许有一天会用来治疗人类癌症。目前还没有办法向肿瘤细胞注入反义RNA。一种可能的方法需要修饰一种病毒,让它携带反义RNA进入细胞。

Related Links:
University of Hong Kong >>> www.hku.hk

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