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基因检测减少年轻乳腺癌患者的化疗

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 07 Apr 2015
市售基因检验商品用于帮助评估早期乳腺癌妇女复发的可能性,从而确定哪些患者可能或不可能从辅助化疗中获益。
美国国家综合癌症网络(Fort Washington,PA,USA)纳入了21种基因检测法的使用,用于淋巴结阴性、激素受体阳性(HR+)-和人表皮受体2阴性(HER2-)疾病女性。每年诊断出的大多数早期乳腺癌女性将是潜在的检测候选人,且诸如此类的技术变得更加可用,因此重要的是要确定此检验是否被适当使用。
MD Anderson Cancer Center(Houston,TX,USA)的研究人员开展了一项回顾性群体基础研究,从MarketScan研究数据库中判别出112522名65岁以下的患者,并从SEER-Medicare数据库判别出54186名66岁以上的患者。较年轻患者的队列中,共13.6%的患者接受过Oncotype DX检查(Genomic Health,Inc.,Redwood City,CA,USA),而符合检验标准的群体中,有60%的女性使用过诊断工具。研究人员还发现,检查与辅助化疗减少相关。
66岁以上的年长女性队列中,共7.2%的女性接受过Oncotype DX检查;HR+、淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌患者中,67.1%的女性接受过检查。然而,在该人群中,检查与辅助化疗使用量的统计性减少不相关。研究者发现,从2005年此项技术首次上市至2012年,这两个群体患者的检查使用量随着时间的延长而增多。此外,研究人员注意到,淋巴结阳性疾病患者的检查使用量增多,比较年轻的群体尤为如此。而回顾性研究中,此组中该工具的使用具有一定承诺性,还需要进行前瞻性测试。
本研究的联合作者和肿瘤学助理教授,Mariana Chavez Mac Gregor博士说明,“我们发现,适当使用本检查的较年轻乳腺癌患者组中,和在此情况下使用本检查时,化疗的使用量明显减少。年长患者和较年轻患者的检测结果比较未发现明显的差异。然而,整体上,年长乳腺癌患者接受化疗者少得多,因为他们的年龄因素以及他们常有更多合并症。也许我们会看到随着时间的推移产生的这种影响。”本研究发表于2014年12月9日至12月13日在圣安东尼奥召开的圣安东尼奥乳腺癌研讨会(TX,USA)。

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美国国家综合癌症网络
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