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Pathology

Image: Schematic diagram of fetal and maternal DNA as studied in the detection and characterization of jagged ends of double-stranded DNA in plasma (Photo courtesy of Ariosa Diagnostics).

Jagged Ends of Double-Stranded DNA Characterized

Cell-free DNA in plasma has been used for noninvasive prenatal testing and cancer liquid biopsy. The physical properties of cell-free DNA fragments in plasma, such as fragment sizes and ends, have attracted considerable recent interest. More...
10 Sep 2020
Image: The Bio-Plex Luminex 200 instrument is a suspension array system which offers protein and nucleic acid scientists a reliable multiplex assay solution that permits analysis of up to 100 biomolecules in a single sample (Photo courtesy of Bio-Rad Laboratories).

Diabetes Blood Markers Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology

Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment. More...
09 Sep 2020
Image: A test tube contains saliva that can be tested for the heart attack biomarker cardiac troponin (Photo courtesy of karenfoleyphoto).

Saliva Test Fast Tracks Heart Attack Diagnosis

 Heart attacks need urgent diagnosis, followed by treatment to restore blood flow to blocked arteries. Diagnosis is based on symptoms (such as chest pain), an electrocardiogram (ECG) and a blood test for cardiac troponin, a protein released into the blood when the heart muscle is injured. More...
07 Sep 2020
Image: Scanning electron micrograph of inside the nucleus of a cancer cell, chromosomes are indicated by blue arrows and circular extrachromosomal DNA are indicated by orange arrows (Photo courtesy of Paul S. Mischel, MD, UC San Diego).

Pan-Cancer Study Reveals Extrachromosomal DNA Frequency

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are circular DNA found in human, plant and animal cells in addition to chromosomal DNA. eccDNA originate from chromosomal DNA and can be from 50 base pairs to several mega-base pairs in length and encode regulatory elements and several full genes. More...
01 Sep 2020
Image: Mass cytometry by time of flight uses CyTOF technology to enable deep profiling of translational and clinical samples across a range of cell surface and intracellular markers (Photo courtesy of University of Virginia).

Adaptive Immune Cells in Ulcerative Colitis Revealed by Single-Cell Analyses

Inflammatory bowel disease encompasses a spectrum of complex intestinal disorders characterized by dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses to gut microbiota in genetically susceptible hosts. More...
01 Sep 2020
Image: De novo prediction of cancer-associated T cell receptors for noninvasive cancer detection (Photo courtesy of UT Southwestern Medical Center).

Cancer-Associated T Cell Receptors Evaluated for Malignancy Detection

A key goal in oncology is diagnosing cancer early, when it is more treatable. Despite decades of progress, early diagnosis of asymptomatic patients remains a major challenge. Most methods for this involve detecting cancer cells, but a different approach, focused on the body’s immune response. More...
31 Aug 2020
Image: The compact Chromium Controller advanced microfluidics platform enables high-throughput analysis. Each single use chip processes up to eight samples in parallel in less than 20 minutes. (Photo courtesy of 10×Genomics).

Single-Cell Analysis Provides New Insights into Mitochondrial Diseases

Mitochondrial diseases result from failure of mitochondria, specialized compartments within cells that contain their own DNA and produce the energy needed to sustain life. Some of the most challenging mitochondrial disorders arise from mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a high-copy-number genome that is maternally inherited. More...
24 Aug 2020
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The Pathology channel details advances in the field of Surgical Pathology and all its subspecialties, including Cytopathology and its subspecialties.
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