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诊断烈性肺真菌的新检验方法

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 11 Sep 2014
气候温和的北美太平洋西北地区(PNW)出现格特隐球菌颇为不同寻常,因为以前认为这种菌只局限于热带和亚热带地区。

格特隐球菌是一种适应能力极强的真菌病原体,值得全球的公共卫生界警惕,占压倒多数的新生菌落的毒性越来越大,引起原发性肺病,而以前在别处看到的主要是神经病。

美国北亚利桑那大学(Flagstaff, AZ, USA)的科学家与来自15个国家的科学家合作,对118份格特隐球菌分离物(包括PNW亚型以及全球各类VGII分子型)进行了全基因组测序,以更好地查明导致太平洋西北地区爆发感染的自然来源和基因组变异。

用Illumina公司(San Diego, CA, USA)的HiSeq、MiSeq或GAIIx 测序技术对全部118份格特隐球菌分离物的基因组进行了测序。测序前用Zymo研究公司(Irvine, CA, USA)的ZR真菌/细菌DNA MiniPrep试剂盒提取大分子DNA,在生命科技公司(Carlsbad, CA, USA)的ABI 7900HT上用定量PCR (qPCR)量化文库。还执行了单核苷酸多态性变异检测、多基因座序列分型(MLST)和系统发生分析。

科研小组发现三种PNW VGII亚型里至少有两种被引入北美。不同的VGII亚型基因内容不同,格特隐球菌发展出几种进化策略,可以连续做微小调适。该研究的论文发表于2014年7月15日的《mBIO》杂志。资深作者之一Paul Keim博士说:“通过仔细分析十几种流行病菌株的基因组,我们能够细致比较和确定可能引起临床变化和生态变化的基因组差异。”

美国亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫市转化基因组研究所为这项研究开发的新检验产品使得检测格特隐球菌和其它真菌更加容易,可以更好地监测和治疗。这项研究所用的工具也被用来研究与类固醇注射相关的真菌性脑膜炎的起因,以及最近爆发的裂谷热的起因。

Related Links:
北亚利桑那大学
Illumina 
Zymo研究公司
生命科技公司
转化基因组研究所


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