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光开关流式细胞术能直接追踪单个循环肿瘤细胞

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 02 Jul 2014
研究人员首创了一种标记和追踪血液循环里的单个肿瘤细胞的方法,这项进展有助于更好地理解癌症的扩散及如何遏制它。

这种创新方法能标记和追踪全身的单个循环肿瘤细胞,从而帮助科学家阐明单个细胞从始至终的途径,包括侵入附近的正常组织、进入淋巴系统或血流。

以美国阿肯色医科大学(Little Rock, AR, USA)的科学家为首的多国科研小组利用了光开关荧光蛋白,它受到光照时会变色。当第一道激光打到循环肿瘤细胞时,肿瘤细胞呈现荧光绿。第二道不同波长的激光使肿瘤细胞呈现荧光红。为了标记各个细胞,科学家用极细的紫激光束瞄准小血管。收集和检测每个细胞发出的荧光,以实时信号踪迹的形式在电脑监视器上再现出来,因而研究人员能计数和追踪血流中的单个细胞。

科学家可以在长肿瘤的小鼠体内观察原发性肿瘤掉到血液循环里的癌细胞的实时动态。他们还能显像循环肿瘤细胞各不相同的最终目的地,并观察这些细胞如何循环和定植于健康组织、现有的转移点或原发性肿瘤所处部位。这套多色光开关流式细胞术(PFC)平台基于奥林巴斯美国公司(Center Valley, PA, USA )的IX81倒置显微镜,这款显微镜集成了三种连续波激光。

该研究的论文发表于2014年5月8日的《化学与生物学》(Chemistry & Biology)杂志。资深作者Ekaterina Galanzha博士说:“这项技术可以标记血液循环中数十亿个血细胞中的一个病变细胞,因为该病变细胞内的光敏蛋白受激光照射后变色速度极快。因此,这种方法有可能让肿瘤医师知道如何干预和阻止循环肿瘤细胞的扩散,从而防止转移。”

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