New Tests for Influenza Virus Types A and B

Monoclonal antibodies, specific to either virus are joined to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) in a one-step, direct immunofluorescence technique. Specimens are incubated with the FITC conjugated antibody reagents for 15 minutes. The samples are then mounted and viewed microscopically using epifluorescence illumination; if either Influenza virus types are present, the corresponding reagent produces a characteristic bright apple green fluorescence within the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cells, which contrasts with the red background staining of uninfected cells.

The Xpect Flu A&B test detects and differentiates Influenza Types A and B directly from nose and throat swabs and provides a clearly visual result that is easily interpreted in just 20 minutes; no specialized equipment or expertise is required. The simplicity of the test makes it ideal for use in laboratories of any size or in a near patient setting, allowing medical professionals to test patients quickly in surgeries, community hospitals, and care homes. Both the Xpect Flu and the IMAGEN are products of Oxoid (Cambridge, United Kingdom).

Influenza virus infections peak in the winter months and remain a major health concern. The diagnostic challenge is exacerbated by the fact that symptoms of viral respiratory infections with pathogens such as the Influenza virus, the Respiratory Syncytial virus, and Adenovirus are often difficult to differentiate from those caused by other pathogens, such as bacteria or fungi. Since antiviral agents are being more commonly used, rapid identification of the causative agent is increasingly important to allow the correct treatment option to be determined, enabling effective management and control of flu outbreaks.

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