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评估幽门螺旋杆菌大便检验的诊断准确度

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 30 Aug 2018
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图片:已知螺旋状的幽门螺旋杆菌是定植于人胃的唯一一种细菌。据估计,50%的人肠内隐藏幽门螺旋杆菌,但只有一些人得溃疡或胃癌(图片蒙波士顿大学惠赐)。
图片:已知螺旋状的幽门螺旋杆菌是定植于人胃的唯一一种细菌。据估计,50%的人肠内隐藏幽门螺旋杆菌,但只有一些人得溃疡或胃癌(图片蒙波士顿大学惠赐)。

全世界48.5%的人会发生幽门螺旋杆菌(H. pylori)感染,各地相差很大。它是慢性/萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡、胃淋巴瘤、胃癌及一些胃外疾病的头号病因。

 

分子检验是诊断幽门螺旋杆菌感染的一种有前景的方法,具有一项额外优势——识别与抗生素耐药性相关的细菌DNA突变,用这些检验产品检验大便样本正越来越获得关注。

 

意大利巴里大学(www.uniba.it)的肠胃病学家及其同行在20172月至10月间连续招募18岁及以上者,他们以前未诊断出幽门螺旋杆菌感染,因消化不良而接受检查。所有参与者加入时都接受了13C尿素呼气试验。安排50岁以上的参与者接受上内窥镜检查与组织学检查。参与者加入13天后收集大便样本,以做新的粪便检查。

 

用意大利柯勒乔THD Spa公司(www.thdlab.it)THD大便检验产品分析病人样本,这样可以获得足够提取幽门螺旋杆菌DNA所需的粪便衍生产物。科研小组预设THD大便检验的阳性阈值,以此识别粪便衍生产物中编码23S核糖体RNA亚基的幽门螺旋杆菌基因。他们还用了首选诊断检验检查引起克拉霉素与左氧氟沙星耐药性的突变。

 

科学家报道,290名完成研究的参与者中,THD大便检验的灵敏度为90.2%,特异性为98.5%,阳性预测值(PPV)96.5%,阴性预测值(NPV)95.6%,准确度为95.9%,阳性似然比(LR)59.5,阴性似然比为0.10THD大便检验鉴定出的83名感染者中,34(41.0%)的细菌基因型变化与耐受抗生素的幽门螺旋杆菌感染吻合。其中27(32.5%)有耐受克拉霉素的菌株,3(3.6%)有耐受左氧氟沙星的菌株,4(4.8%)对两种抗生素都耐受。

 

该研究的论文发表于2018721日的《世界肠胃病杂志》(World Journal of Gastroenterology)。作者总结说,他们的结果说明THD大便检验的诊断效果良好,可无创检测有消化不良症状的患者的,同时能够鉴定细菌对克拉霉素与左氧氟沙星的耐药性。在此基础上,THD大便检验也许能为临床决策提供信息,并引导幽门螺旋杆菌感染的个性化治疗。

Related Links:

巴里大学>>> www.uniba.it

THD Spa >>> www.thdlab.it


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