We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience. This includes personalizing content and advertising. To learn more, click here. By continuing to use our site, you accept our use of cookies. Cookie Policy.

Features Partner Sites Information LinkXpress
Sign In
Advertise with Us
PURITAN MEDICAL

Download Mobile App




用单细胞基因组学评估前列腺癌

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 10 Jan 2018
Print article
图片:人前列腺示意图,大小和形状像一枚胡桃,尿道从正中穿过。图中标出了某人13处穿刺芯的全部位置。从每根芯里采样细胞,通过单细胞测序获得的信息表示癌性肿瘤的可能位置(虚线内含2、3和6号芯)(图片蒙冷泉港实验室惠赐)。
图片:人前列腺示意图,大小和形状像一枚胡桃,尿道从正中穿过。图中标出了某人13处穿刺芯的全部位置。从每根芯里采样细胞,通过单细胞测序获得的信息表示癌性肿瘤的可能位置(虚线内含2、3和6号芯)(图片蒙冷泉港实验室惠赐)。
无痛感疾病和侵犯性疾病之间的区别是诊断前列腺癌的一大难题。对穿刺样本的组织病理学分析是评估癌症风险的标准方法。数十年的经验已能成功分辨与临床预后相关的组织类型。

有报道称,对新分析方法的小规模测试显示,它能更好地检测早期的致命性前列腺癌。研究人员探索了对诊断级活检样本进行单核测序(SNS)来辅助诊断;该方法有望能更准确地判断哪些男性需要手术,哪些不需要。

一组科学家与美国纽约冷泉港实验室(CSHL)的科学家合作,对11名患者开展了一项小规模试点研究。对其中8例,他们比较了基于SNS的基因组学病理结果与对诊断级针穿刺活检样本进行苏木精-伊红(H&E)染色的组织病理结果。他们对11名患者122个解剖位置的总共4,021份细胞核进行了SNS,组织类型广泛,从良性前列腺上皮到重度前列腺上皮内瘤(HGPIN),还有明显癌症(前列腺内和前列腺外),也就是疾病的早期和晚期一应俱全。

科研小组从冷冻的活检组织芯和活检组织洗液中分离出细胞核进行处理,用美国加利福尼亚州圣何塞市碧迪生物系统公司的SORP流式细胞仪通过FACS分拣单核。把单核放进96孔微孔板的每个孔进行扩增。执行全基因组扩增(WGA)后,用美国马萨诸塞州沃本市Covaris公司的声聚焦系统振动DNA。将多个库组合成池,每个池少则包括8-12个库,最多包括96个库,以便分别在美国加利福尼亚州圣迭戈市Illumina公司的GAIIx单道上和HiSeq流阵元上执行76碱基对单读长的测序。

科研小组从每位患者的活检组织芯里采集了几百个单细胞,对这些细胞的基因组进行测序。他们试图寻找DNA拷贝数变异(CNV)是否遵循某些模式。科研小组用计算方法比较CNV模式,寻找哪些细胞的CNV特征隐含同样的异常。这是克隆的信号,因为癌性肿瘤由克隆细胞组成,也就是任意单一祖先繁衍出来的基因变异细胞。所有参数都显示出与前列腺恶变量度——Gleason分值的良好关联性,Gleason分值是从每个患者的活检组织芯测得的。

该研究的论文发表于2017年11月27日的《癌症研究》(Cancer Research)杂志。由于该检验方法对肿瘤的评估结果比术前预测性活检结果更贴合术后病理分析(揭示实际病理)的判断结果,因此论文的领衔作者、副教授Alexander Krasnitz博士说:“它之所以重要是因为这类病例的治疗决策取决于术前的活组织检查,而不是手术样本。我们认为单细胞分析有可能补充传统的活检组织芯组织病理检查,极大改进风险评估并为治疗决策提供信息,尤其是对模棱两可的病例。”

Related Links:
冷泉港实验室
碧迪生物系统公司
Covaris 
Illumina 


Platinum Member
COVID-19 Rapid Test
OSOM COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test
Specimen Collection & Transport
Complement 3 (C3) Test
GPP-100 C3 Kit
New
Gold Member
Fully Automated Cell Density/Viability Analyzer
BioProfile FAST CDV

Print article

Channels

Clinical Chemistry

view channel
Image: Reaching speeds up to 6,000 RPM, this centrifuge forms the basis for a new type of inexpensive, POC biomedical test (Photo courtesy of Duke University)

POC Biomedical Test Spins Water Droplet Using Sound Waves for Cancer Detection

Exosomes, tiny cellular bioparticles carrying a specific set of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, play a crucial role in cell communication and hold promise for non-invasive diagnostics.... Read more

Molecular Diagnostics

view channel
Image: MOF materials efficiently enrich cfDNA and cfRNA in blood through simple operational process (Photo courtesy of Science China Press)

Blood Circulating Nucleic Acid Enrichment Technique Enables Non-Invasive Liver Cancer Diagnosis

The ability to diagnose diseases early can significantly enhance the effectiveness of clinical treatments and improve survival rates. One promising approach for non-invasive early diagnosis is the use... Read more

Hematology

view channel
Image: The low-cost portable device rapidly identifies chemotherapy patients at risk of sepsis (Photo courtesy of 52North Health)

POC Finger-Prick Blood Test Determines Risk of Neutropenic Sepsis in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Neutropenia, a decrease in neutrophils (a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting infections), is a frequent side effect of certain cancer treatments. This condition elevates the risk of infections,... Read more

Pathology

view channel
Image: The OvaCis Rapid Test discriminates benign from malignant epithelial ovarian cysts (Photo courtesy of INEX)

Intra-Operative POC Device Distinguishes Between Benign and Malignant Ovarian Cysts within 15 Minutes

Ovarian cysts represent a significant health issue for women globally, with up to 10% experiencing this condition at some point in their lives. These cysts form when fluid collects within a thin membrane... Read more
Copyright © 2000-2024 Globetech Media. All rights reserved.