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住院患者糖尿病患病率升高

By Liu Jianrong, news writer 刘建荣 新闻记者
Posted on 26 Oct 2017
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德国糖尿病的患病率正在上升,目前,几乎十个人里就有一个罹患这种代谢疾病。我们已知住院患者或重症监护室(ICU)患者比一般人更常发现糖尿病。

实际上医院糖尿病的患病率几乎没有任何数据。因此,科学家评估了糖尿病患病率、未得到诊断病例的比例、一所大学医院里糖尿病筛查的有效性、住院的后果以及获得的并发症。

德国图宾根大学医院的科学家筛查了该院的3,733名成人患者,看抽取血样的四周内是否有糖尿病和糖尿病前期。糖尿病诊断依据是HbA1c大于等于6.5%和/或以前有过糖尿病诊断记录;糖尿病前期定义为HbA1c小于等于5.7%或小于6.5%且过往无糖尿病史。

筛查结果是,几乎四名住院患者中就有一人(22%)患糖尿病,他们的长期血糖水平(HbA1c值)为6.5%或更高。研究中24%的患者长期血糖水平处于5.7%和6.4%之间。这些值表示早期糖尿病(糖尿病前期)。近4%的受调查患者有未诊断出的糖尿病。该研究还显示,糖尿病患者需要住院治疗的天数比同样诊断结果但无糖尿病或糖尿病前期的患者大概多1.47天。患糖尿病的患者并发症风险也更高:24%的糖尿病患者出现并发症。相较而言,无糖尿病的患者只有15%出现并发症。

该研究的论文发表于2017年7月27日的《实验与临床内分泌学与糖尿病》(Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes)杂志。作者总结说,大学医院里每四名患者中就有一人有糖尿病,每两名患者中就有一人有糖尿病前期或糖尿病。还值得筛查50岁以上患者的未知糖尿病。糖尿病的高患病率和不利后果要求在医院进行筛查和实施专门的糖尿病深度治疗。糖尿病患者医院获得性并发症的患病率更高:630人中有197人,而无糖尿病的患者是2,459人中有447人。

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