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开发出基于智能手机的ELISA用于血液抗原检测

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 09 Oct 2017
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图片:D4检测法的一个原型(照片由Daniel Joh,杜克大学提供)。
图片:D4检测法的一个原型(照片由Daniel Joh,杜克大学提供)。
一种新的高速、基于芯片的ELISA检测法,依靠一种独特的不粘聚合物涂层检测血液样本中的抗原,以减少对多次培养和清洗过程的需要。
杜克大学(Durham,NC,USA)的研究者们使用一种喷墨打印机向一种经独特的不粘聚合物涂层处理的载玻片上喷一系列抗体。该涂层的功能类似特氟龙,能防止非靶蛋白粘附在玻片表面而造成高水平背景“噪音”。
研究者的“D4检测法”使用一种配对抗体进行检测,并捕捉血液样本中的靶蛋白。玻片上的固定阵列由定殖的捕获抗体和可溶的检测抗体组成,由荧光标记物标记,以允许进行抗原定量(如果有)。将一滴血滴在玻片上,令检测抗体溶解,从阵列中分离出来,并与样品中的靶蛋白结合。然后荧光抗体-抗原对附在玻片上的捕获抗体上。使用一种缓冲液去除未连接在玻片不粘聚合物刷状涂层上的所有蛋白质。使用一种基于检测器系统的智能手机读取检测结果。
作为该检测法准确性的概念验证部分,研究者使用D4检测法测定患者血清中瘦素的水平,并与临床ELISA平台的检测结果进行比较。本研究发现,D4检测法得到的结果与ELISA检测的结果处于同等水平。
“该检测法的现实意义在于聚合物刷状涂层,”资深作者Ashutosh Chilkoti博士,杜克大学的生物医学工程教授说。“聚合物刷允许我们将需要的工具存储在芯片上,同时令设计简单化。”
D4系统的讨论详情可见2017年8月7日网络版的Proceedings of the [U.S.] National Academy of Science([美国]国家科学院学报)。

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